Aeronautical Discussions

          There are many different atmospheric elements that pilots and the aviation community will come into contact with when operating an aircraft. One of those elements are the unexpected weather conditions or conditional climate control that can affect the performances of an aircraft. In many cases, the severity of the different weather conditions can be scaled from either moderate to severe. In my opinion, thunderstorms are a  weather hazard that poses the greatest risk to aviation operations.            All thunderstorms need the same ingredientsin order to form, which includes moisture, unstable air and lift. Moisture usually comes from oceans. Unstable air forms when warm, moist air is near the ground and cold, dry air is above. Lift comes from differences in air density. It pushes unstable air upward, creating a tall thunderstorm cloud.  In most cases, thunderstorms are caused by  cumulonimbus...

        The United States airspace is divided into 21 zones ( centers ), and each zone is divided into sectors. Also within each zone are portions of airspace, about 50 miles (80.5 km) in diameter, called  TRACON ( T erminal  R adar  A pproach  CON trol) airspaces. Within each TRACON airspace are a number of airports, each of which has its own airspace with a 5-mile (8-km) radius ( Freudenrich, 2021) . The air traffic control system, which is run by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), has been designed around these airspace divisions. The air traffic control system divisions are: Air Traffic Control System Command Center  (ATCSCC) - The  ATCSCC  oversees all air traffic control. It also manages air traffic control within centers where there are problems (bad weather, traffic overloads, inoperative runways). Air route traffic control centers  (ARTCC) - There is one  ARTCC  for each center. Each ARTCC mana...